๐Pity System๐
how is this guaranteed?
Knowing nothing else, if you have 180 wishes, you can guarantee getting at least one copy of a character on a limited banner. This is because of two rules in Genshin Impact's system:
Rule 1: You are guaranteed a 5 star character by your 90th wish.
This means that in the worst case scenario, if you have put 89 wishes into the limited character banners (either Character Event Wish or Character Event Wish-2, they share this count) without a shiny golden 5 star appearing, the 90th wish is guaranteed to be a 5 star character. The number of wishes you go without getting a 5 star is called your "pity", and it resets every time you get a 5 star. This also carries over between limited banners. Nice, right? Well, that brings us to the next rule.
Rule 2: 50/50
When you do get that wonderful golden star streaking across your screen, hold your breath because now we have to "win the 50/50". When you first pull a 5 star, there is a 50% chance that it will be the featured character. Hooray! But what about the other 50%? Well, if you "lose the 50/50", then you will receive one of the 5 star characters from the Standard Banner, currently Jean, Diluc, Mona, Keqing, Qiqi, Tighnari, and Dehya. That's not always a bad thing, Keqing has become very powerful recently thanks to Dendro and Jean is a great Anemo support and healer, but it's not who we wanted! So how do we get that lovely limited character?
Rule 2.5: Losing the 50/50
If you lose the 50/50, your next 5 star is guaranteed to be the limited character. You will need to pull another 5 star in order to get there, which, per Rule 1, can take another 90 wishes. This is where we get the 180 wishes needed to guarantee your wanted character. So in the worst case scenario, you spend 90 wishes to get to your first 5 star, lost the 50/50 and recieve and Standard Banner character, then spend another 90 wishes to get the character featured on the limited banner.